Is There a Connection Between Gum Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Scientists have long been aware of a connection between gum disease and systemic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes. A new growing body of evidence now appears to link gum disease to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). While the evidence is not conclusive, a strong correlation between the two exists.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the joints by causing pain, stiffness, and inflammation. It currently affects .5% to 1% of the global population.1 Periodontal disease is also a chronic inflammatory condition; it primarily affects gum tissue. Evidence from one study states that over 75% of Americans have some form of gum disease, yet most people are unaware they have it.2 Gingivitis, the earliest stage of gum disease, is typically marked by noticeably inflamed gums, as well as soreness and/or bleeding during brushing or flossing. If not treated, plaque accumulates at the gum line, causing further inflammation and gum recession. When the tissue of the pockets surrounding the teeth is damaged, harmful bacteria have access to the bloodstream—which in turn can cause serious problems in other parts of the body.3

Researchers have found a substantial increase in the prevalence of gum disease in patients with RA compared to those without it. In addition, the incidence of RA is higher in those with gum disease than those without.1 Statistics from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) explain the connection between the two chronic ailments based on several key factors. Both gum disease and arthritis result from an inflammatory response, and both are characterized by an overgrowth of bacteria that release toxins destructive to supporting tissues. People affected by both diseases exhibit more anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), which increase bodily inflammation and exacerbate both conditions.4

Of the 20 bacterial species identified as periodontal pathogens, all are linked to gum disease. The most studied is Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis).1 Researchers from Germany’s Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg recently examined samples of synovial fluid (the fluid within joint capsules) from 42 patients with RA and found DNA matching oral bacteria—P. gingivalis in particular. The study concluded that those with RA are approximately 4.5 times more likely to have P. gingivalis bacteria in their synovial fluid than those without arthritis. Furthermore, they discovered that RA patients were 12 times more likely to have oral infections from P. gingivalis.5 Another study found that arthritis patients displayed a considerable increase in the levels of gingivitis bacteria, and the severity of gum disease correlated with the severity of the arthritis.7

What is the best gum disease treatment for patients with rheumatoid arthritis?

Oral health is interconnected with one’s overall health. And while the scientific community is in agreement regarding the connection between periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis, the exact relationship between these two destructive chronic inflammatory diseases is unknown. It is known that systemic diseases (which includes arthritis) are accompanied by an increase in the severity of gum disease6 because oral infections create a pathway for bacteria to enter the bloodstream. This can elicit an inflammatory response elsewhere7 in the body. And even though plaque buildup is recognized as one of the primary causes of periodontal disease, the progression of the disease is largely dependent on the overall strength of the subject’s immune functioning.8 According to the American Academy of Periodontology, the presence of gum disease can be an indicator of several forms of systemic diseases including RA.9

It is unknown whether gum disease precedes RA or RA precedes gum disease. What is known is that it is extremely important to take oral care seriously if you have arthritis. Regular dental visits are a must. In fact, some health professionals recommend those with RA have as many as four annual cleanings, as research suggests that treating dental problems early on will result in decreased symptoms in patients with severe arthritis.10 One study showed that reversing gum disease through professional dental care actually decreased RA sufferers’ overall pain level, number of swollen joints, and morning stiffness.10

Finding a natural treatment for gum disease

Increasing public awareness of the connection between gum disease and systemic diseases like arthritis is important from a holistic perspective. Brushing and flossing regularly, and using all natural gum disease treatment products are key to oral health. Natural toothpastes and mouth rinses both clean and heal inflammation safely and effectively. The ingredients in Dental Herb Company’s line of oral care products are completely natural and proven to be effective in combating harmful bacteria, reducing inflammation and eliminating bad breath. Pure essential oils and organic herbal extracts work synergistically to maintain healthy teeth and gums, and they’re a great alternative to the chemical products lining most commercial shelves. The best natural remedy for gum disease, lasting oral health and a reduced risk for systemic diseases is preventative care. Commit to better oral care today.

References:

  1. Ogrendik, Mesut. “Rheumatoid Arthritis Is an Autoimmune Disease Caused by Periodontal Pathogens.” National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 24 May 2013. Web. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3668087/>.
  2. “Gingivitis- In-Depth Report.” Health.nytimes.com. New York Times, n.d. Web. <http://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/gingivitis/print.html>.
  3. “Joint Failures Potentially Linked to Oral Bacteria.” ScienceDaily.com. ScienceDaily, 18 Apr. 2012. Web. <http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/04/120418112047.htm>.
  4. Pablo, P., T. Dietrich, and TE McAlindon. “Association of Periodontal Disease and Tooth Loss with Rheumatoid Arthritis in the US Population.” Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. U.S. National Library of Medicine, n.d. Web. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18050377>.
  5. Adams, Case. “Arthritis Linked to Gingivitis Bacteria.” GreenMedInfo.com. GreenMedInfo, n.d. Web. <http://www.greenmedinfo.com/blog/arthritis-linked-gingivitis-bacteria>.
  6. Chi, Angela C., DMD, Brad W. Neville, DDS, Joe W. Krayer, DDS, and Wanda C. Gonsalves, MD. “Oral Manifestations of Systemic Disease.” Aafp.org. American Family Physician, n.d. Web. <http://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/1201/p1381.html>.
  7. Gude, Dilip, Rekha Rani Koduganti, Surya J. Prasanna, and Lakshmi Radhika Pothini. “Mouth: A Portal to the Body.” Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 03 May 2006. Web.
  8. Kinane, DF. “Periodontitis Modified by Systemic Factors.” Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. U.S. National Library of Medicine, n.d. Web. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10863375>.
  9. “Diagnosis of Periodontal Diseases.” Journal of Periodontology 74 (2003): 1237-247.Umn.edu. University of Minnesota. Web. <http://www1.umn.edu/perio/periocasepresent/text/Diagnosis_of_Perio.pdf>
  10. “Treating Gum Disease Helps Rheumatoid Arthritis Sufferers.” ScienceDaily.com. ScienceDaily, 29 May 2009. Web. <http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/05/090528135252.htm>.

Is There a Natural Treatment for Gum Disease?

The majority of dental researchers agree that gum disease is caused by a bacterial infection, and the body’s natural inflammatory response is responsible for causing damage to the soft tissue and bone in the mouth. Inflammation is a critical part of the body’s self-defense system, as it sends out cells and chemicals that start the process of repairing and healing the underlying infection, injury or disease. However, when there is chronic inflammation, such as in the case of gum disease, it begins to work against the body.

Over the past century, dental care has primarily emphasized treatment of existing gum disease through the use of systemic antibiotics and antimicrobial mouthwashes. While effective on a short-term basis, the eventual result is that our bodies develop a resistance to the antibiotics found in our mouth care products. The good news is that we have other options available to us that are just as effective in helping to prevent and treat gum disease that are 100% natural.

Essential oils extracted from plants have been used for centuries to treat a wide variety of medical ailments. There have been a surge of clinical research studies exhibiting the beneficial and powerful effects that essential oils can have on our health, and the field of dentistry has begun to shift its focus accordingly toward natural oral care alternatives. Research has shown that microorganisms, like those found in the mouth that contribute to gum disease, “do not appear to develop tolerance or resistance to the antibacterial effects of essential oils”1 and that their power as antimicrobial agents does not weaken over time.

Dental Herb Company offers all natural oral hygiene products that use precisely calculated proportions of the highest quality pure essential oils and botanicals to help maintain healthy teeth and gums. These unique product formulations, which took over two decades to perfect, were developed by a dentist with advanced education and training in therapeutic herbology and holistic health. Available through dental offices and online, this family of all natural oral care solutions comprises of Tooth & Gums Tonic®, Tooth & Gums Essentials Toothpaste®, PerioSpot Gel®, Under the Gums Irrigant® and Tooth & Gums Spritz®. The extraordinary effectiveness of Dental Herb Company products is due to the unique way in which they are formulated. The products work most effectively in the prevention and treatment of gum diseases when combined with daily oral hygiene maintenance including flossing, brushing, and rinsing along with regular dental exams and cleanings.

What causes gum disease to worsen?

Gum disease is a major cause of tooth loss in adults, but it is typically avoidable by simply practicing proper oral hygiene and getting regular professional dental care. Gum disease is the result of a bacterial infection caused by plaque buildup that irritates and destroys the gum tissue and damages the bones that support the teeth. As plaque continues to build up, it forms a hard substance called tartar, which further exacerbates gum inflammation and deterioration. There are many other factors which can contribute to the severity of gum disease, such as diabetes, smoking, poor diet, certain medications, poor oral hygiene and even pregnancy.2

There are several stages of gum disease, and in order to prevent each one from worsening it is imperative to treat it accordingly and in a timely manner. The first stage of gum disease is called gingivitis, and the symptoms are mild and include red, puffy and bleeding gums during brushing or flossing. At this stage the bone that holds the teeth is still healthy, and a professional cleaning will reverse tissue damage. The next stage of gum disease is called periodontitis, when the gums begin to detach from the teeth, pockets form, and damage to the underlying bone begins to occur. Once pockets have formed, plaque begins to accumulate there, making it very difficult to control further tooth and gum decay. In its most advanced stage, gum disease can completely destroy the underlying bone resulting in tooth loss.

Prevention is the best treatment for gum disease, and neglecting to practice proper dental care, including regular dental exams, carries very serious, and very real, consequences.

Is reversing gum disease possible through the use of herbal products?

Regardless of the stage of gum disease one is experiencing, the most important factor when it comes to keeping it in check is to regularly visit a dentist who can remove plaque and tartar buildup, help to repair existing damage and reduce the risk of future damage. No dental care product can replace the necessity for regular professional cleanings, but there are major advantages to cleaning your teeth and gums with natural herbal alternatives in between visits.

Truly Natural® Ingredients

Lavender

A soothing essential oil that helps heal damaged tissue.

The anti-inflammatory properties of certain botanical oils are ideal for soothing painful and irritated gum tissues, and their superior antimicrobial qualities make them incredibly effective in treating, rather than just masking, bad breath. Dental Herb Company offers a complete system that assists in the treatment of gum disease by using pure essential oils that have powerful antimicrobial properties, such as red thyme, cinnamon bark, lavender, peppermint, eucalyptus, echinacea, gotu kola and green tea. Dental Herb Company products, available through dentists nationwide and directly online, can help to reduce, eliminate and prevent the buildup of bacteria that causes gum disease. Now that is truly something to smile about!

References:

  1.  Meeker HG, Linke HAB. The antibacterial action of eugenol, thyme oil, and other related essential oils used in dentistry. Compend. 1998;9(1):32-40
  2. “Gum Disease: A Guide to Periodontal Disease.” California Dental Association, n.d. Web. http://www.cda.org/popup/gum_disease.